The Six Substances: Jiva

An Interactive Study Guide for Section B.4

Jain Reality & The Six Substances

Jainism states the universe is eternal, made of six fundamental substances (Shad Dravya). Reality itself is a combination of constant change and permanence.

The Three Pronouncements (Tripadi)

"Uppannei vä, Vigamei vä, Dhuvei vä"

Appearance, Disappearance, and Permanence

The Six Universal Substances (Shad Dravya)

Jiva

(Living / Soul)

Pudgalästikäy

(Matter)

Dharmästikäy

(Medium of Motion)

Adharmästikäy

(Medium of Rest)

Äkäshästikäy

(Space)

Käl

(Time)

The Five Non-Living Substances (Ajiva)